Patient education: After successful treatment, sleeping slightly elevated or on the uninvolved side may prevent recurrences.Up to 44% of patients had recurrent symptoms at 2-year follow-up in one study. Recurrence is common unfortunately despite successful therapeutic intervention.In cases of bilateral BPPV, consider treating the less involved side initially, followed by the more involved side 10-15 minutes later.Patients should be observed for a short time immediately after repositioning for signs of possible worsening symptoms and risk of fall.Providers should be aware of any underlying spinal or carotid disorders when performing many of the rapid head movements in these patients.Serial examinations are often required to confirm BPPV. If your initial therapeutic approach does not work, consider treating the other side as the side of dysfunction can be easily misidentified at first.Below we discuss the commonly taught techniques and several viable alternatives to consider when initial evaluation and/or treatment are unsuccessful. There exist many different diagnostics and therapeutic positional techniques for addressing BPPV. Regarding canal involvement, a retrospective review of 253 patients demonstrated the following : Episodes occur more frequently in the ear that is habitually dependent while sleeping, most commonly the right ear. The strongest positive predictors of BPPV include dizziness lasting <15 seconds and onset with turning over in bed. Displaced otoliths are most commonly located in the posterior or horizontal semicircular canals. BPPV should be differentiated from central vertigo and other types of peripheral vertigo including Meniere’s disease, vestibular schwannoma, vestibular neuritis, and labyrinthitis among others. The condition is more common in females and with advanced age (>40). The classic presentation is brief episodes of dizziness reported with position changes, commonly with rolling or arising from bed. What next steps could you consider? Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo: The basicsīenign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is a type of peripheral vertigo caused by a cluster of otoconial fragments that are displaced into the involved semicircular canal. However, despite multiple attempts with the Epley Maneuver, the patient is still symptomatic. She says she had a similar episode in the past and reports, “they took the stones out of my ear by making me lay down and move my head a few times.” Based on your assessment of the patient’s history and physical exam you determine she has peripheral vertigo, likely BPPV. A 63-year old female presents to your ED with positional dizziness since rising out of bed from a nap this afternoon.
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